This is site is maintained by ERWIN ONYAMBU MOGUSU

Your comment will be highly appreciated,you can contact me on +254733810371 or omogusu@gmail.com.

Erwin in South Korea

Interacting with the Korean students.

ERWIN O. MOGUSU

At Chuncheon National University of Education in South Korea.

Elementally school pupils

Kenyan teachers pose for a photo with the Korean school children.

Travelling to Korea

At Dubai International Airport.

Monday, 29 March 2021

Chlorine and its compounds

 1. (i) State one observation made in this experiment

(ii) Identify the substances formed in the above reaction

2. Hydrogen chloride gas was passed into water as shown below:


(a) When a blue litmus paper was dropped into the resulting solution, it turned red. Give a reason

for this observation

(b) What is the function of the funnel?

3. A group of compounds called chlorofluoro-carbons have a wide range of uses but they also have

harmful effects on the environment. State one:-

a) Use of chlorofluoro carbons

b) Harmful effect of chlorofluoro carbons on the environment.

4. a) Water from a town in Kenya is suspected to contain chloride ions but not sulphate ions.

Describe how the presence of the chloride ions in the water can be shown.

5. In an experiment, chlorine was passed into moist hydrogen sulphide in a boiling tube as

shown below:


(a) What observation was made in the boiling tube?

(b) Write an equation of the reaction that took place in the boiling tube

(c) What precaution should be taken in carrying out this experiment? Give a reason

6. Heated iron can react with both chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride gas

i) Write equations for the reactions

ii) Chlorine gas has no effect on dry blue litmus paper. Explain

7. The following diagram represents a set-up that can be used in the laboratory to prepare and

collect a sample of chlorine gas:


(a) No gas bubbles were produced in the above experiment. Explain the observation

(b) Complete the following equation




(c) Describe the bleaching property of chlorine water
8. Study the flow diagram below and answer the questions that follow:


(a) Name gas L ……………………………………………………………

(b) Write a balanced equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and manganese

(IV) oxide

(c) Explain what happens to coloured petals when dropped into a solution of M

9. Carbon (IV) Oxide, methane, nitrogen (I) Oxide and trichloromethane are green house gases

(i) State one effect of an increased level of these gases to the environment

(ii) Give one source from which each of the following gases is released to the environment;

(i) Nitrogen (I) Oxide

(ii) Tricholomethane

10. (a) Two reagents that can be used to prepare chlorine gas are manganese (IV) oxide and

concentrated hydrochloric acid.

(i) Write an equation for the reaction

(ii) Give the formula of another reagent that can be reacted with concentrated hydrochloric acid

to produce chlorine gas

(iii) Describe how the chlorine gas could be dried and collected in the laboratory

(b) In an experiment, dry chlorine gas was reacted with aluminium as shown in the diagram below


(i) Name substance A

(ii) Write an equation for the reaction that took place in the combustion tube

(iii) State the function of the calcium chloride in the set-up above

11. The figure below was set by a student to investigate the reaction between chlorine gas and hydrogen gas:


(a) Write an equation for the reaction that took place in the flask

(b) What observation was made in the flask?

(c) What precaution should be taken in carrying out the experiment?

12. In an attempt to prepare a gas, Sabulei added concentrated hydrochloric acid to Potassium

manganate. The products were then passed through two wash bottles containing water and

concentrated sulphuric acid

(a) Name the gas prepared…………………………………………………………………………

(b) Name the purpose of wash bottle:

(i) Containing water?

(ii) Containing concentrated sulphuric acid?

13. Study the scheme below and answer the questions that follow.


(a) Write the formula of the cation present in the yellow solution F

(b) What property of chlorine is shown in Step II?

(c) Write an equation for the reaction in step III

14. (i) Name one drying agent for hydrogen Chloride

(ii) State and explain the observation that would be made when hydrogen Chloride

gas is bubbled into a solution of Silver nitrate

Wednesday, 13 January 2021

Team Refreshing Change presents their nomination papers

 Today it was a beehive of activities at the KUPPET Nyamira offices as all the aspirants of team Refreshing Change presented their nomination papers. Lead by the chairman, Mr. Festus Segera, the team arrived in Nyamira in style accoumpaned by a group of teachers representing various sub-counties of Nyamira county.


From left Mr. Matuga (organizing secretary), Madam Boyani (secretary secretary), Mr. Okindo (assistant executive secretary), madam Stella (treasurer), Mr. Sonye (executive secretary), madam Getrude (assistant treasurer) madam Nancy (secretary gender) and Mr. Mokaya (vice chairman)

The aspirants went through the nomination requirements to ensure that all is in order. As a show of solidarity one by one, they handed in their papers as teachers appreciated them and took photos.

While addressing the teachers after the nomination process, the chairman Mr. Segera reassured the teachers that victory is within sight. He encouraged teachers to remain steadfast and fight to the end. The aspiring executive secretary, Mr. Joseph Sonye, reaffirmed that the great teachers of Nyamira do not require just services, but quality services and a win for team refreshing change is a win for the teachers of Nyamira.

The team promised its supporters that it is now ready to hit the ground and sell its transformative agenda to the teachers. 


Teachers from Manga sub-county pose for a photo with the aspirants from Manga i.e Mr. Okindo and madam Stella.

Tuesday, 22 December 2020

Mathematics revision Exercise 1

  1. Find the size of each angle of a triangle PQR in which PQ = 9 cm, QR = 12 cm and RP = 6 cm.
  2. R represents half-turn about the point (2, 3). H represents half-turn about the point (-2, -1). Find a single a single transformation equivalent to HR and state its inverse.
  3. For each of the following wave functions, state the period and the amplitude;
          a) y = 2 Sin x

          b) y = Sin 2x

          c) y = 1/3 Sin x

         d) y = 1/3 Sin 3x

         e) y = Sin ½ x

         f) y = Sine 1/3 x
 
   4. Solve the following pair of simultaneous equations graphically;

5. A card is drawn at random from a normal pack of playing cards. what is the probability of drawing ;

a) a black card?

b) a red card?

c) an ace?

d) the queen of spades?

6. a pencil PQ is 20 cm long. The end P is placed on a horizontal flat surface such that PQ makes an angle of 47° with the surface. Calculate how far above the surface the pint Q is.

7. Solve the following inequalities and show your solutions on a number line;

a) 3x - 5 > 5

b) 2x + ½ < 3

c) - 4x - 6 > 7

8. Evaluate each of the following;

9. A quadrilateral has vertices at A(1, 2), B(1, 3), C(2, 3) and D(3, 1). Find the vertices of the image of the quadrilateral after a reflection in the following lines;
a) y = x + 1

11. ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC and its perimeter is 64 cm. The altitude from A to BC IS 24 cm. Find the length of AC and BC.

12. Two variables x and y are connected by an equation of the form y = Axⁿ, where A and n are constants. If y = 80 when x = 2 and y = 52 when x = 3, find the values of A and n to 2 s.f.

13. Find the distance in nautical miles between point A(4° S, 50° E) and B(4°S, 80°E).

14. Draw a line AB = 4.5 cm. Construct a locus of a point P such that <APB = 40°.



Monday, 16 November 2020

Matrix arrangements for KUPPET Nyamira politics back to square one.



The realignments and campaign strategies for the KUPPET positions in Nyamira county, were on Sunday disgruntled after the serving secretary secondary official, Mr. Joseph Sonye declared that he will be seeking to occupy the office of the Executive secretary in his next term in office. The team office had been moving from one sub-county to another in what it termed as ‘meet the people tour’ and was remaining with two sub-counties (Manga and Masaba North). The day they were meeting the Manga Sub-county teachers Mr. Sonye was underway with his meeting at Nyamira sports club where he eventually declared to be running for the most powerful seat in the County KUPPET.

The post of the executive secretary had attracted three contestants, Mr. Nyakweba (incumbent), Mr. Nyaanga and Mr. Marigwa before Mr. Sonye dived into the race. According to the political analysis, his declaration has introduced completely new arithmetic.

To start with, team office was moving together fronting what they have been able to achieve as a show of solidarity and unity. Now they have to replace their preferred candidate for the post of secretary secondary for them to remain a complete team during the campaigns hoping that no more incumbents will break away from team office.

Secondly the opposition was unable to come up with a strong complete team to face the incumbents. They were campaigning as individuals which had proved to be expensive and ineffective. While Mr. Sonye was giving his remarks at Nyamira on Sunday he promised to move to every sub-county and compose a formidable team for the purpose of this forthcoming elections.

Mr. Sonye (terming himself ‘Yusuf bin Sonye’ on facebook), is an English and literature teacher at Machururiati secondary school. He got into KUPPET office during a by-election where he had been seen as an underdog barely two years ago. Since then his groundwork campaigns and mobilization ability can cause jitters to any contestant facing him in an election but for now it is a wait and see if he will manage to shutter Mr. Lewis Nyakweba’s dream of steering the KUPPET Nyamira for at least 20 years.

Sunday, 8 November 2020

Joe Biden's full speech after becoming president-elect



My fellow Americans, the people of this nation have spoken.

They have delivered us a clear victory. A convincing victory.

A victory for “We the People.”

We have won with the most votes ever cast for a presidential ticket in the history of this nation — 74 million.

I am humbled by the trust and confidence you have placed in me.

I pledge to be a president who seeks not to divide, but to unify.

Who doesn’t see red and blue states, but a United States.

And who will work with all my heart to win the confidence of the whole people.

For that is what America is about: the people.

And that is what our administration will be about.

I sought this office to restore the soul of America.

To rebuild the backbone of the nation — the middle class.

To make America respected around the world again and to unite us here at home.

It is the honor of my lifetime that so many millions of Americans have voted for this vision.

And now the work of making this vision real is the task of our time.

As I said many times before, I’m Jill’s husband.

I would not be here without the love and tireless support of Jill, Hunter, Ashley, all of our grandchildren and their spouses, and all our family.

They are my heart.

Jill’s a mom — a military mom — and an educator.

She has dedicated her life to education, but teaching isn’t just what she does — it’s who she is. For America’s educators, this is a great day: You’re going to have one of your own in the White House, and Jill is going to make a great first lady.

And I will be honored to be serving with a fantastic vice president — Kamala Harris — who will make history as the first woman, first Black woman, first woman of South Asian descent, and first daughter of immigrants ever elected to national office in this country.

It’s long overdue, and we’re reminded tonight of all those who fought so hard for so many years to make this happen. But once again, America has bent the arc of the moral universe towards justice.

Kamala, Doug — like it or not — you’re family. You’ve become honorary Bidens and there’s no way out.

To all those who volunteered, worked the polls in the middle of this pandemic, local election officials — you deserve a special thanks from this nation.

To my campaign team, and all the volunteers, to all those who gave so much of themselves to make this moment possible, I owe you everything.

And to all those who supported us: I am proud of the campaign we built and ran. I am proud of the coalition we put together, the broadest and most diverse in history.

Democrats, Republicans and Independents.

Progressives, moderates and conservatives.

Young and old.

Urban, suburban and rural.

Gay, straight, transgender.

White. Latino. Asian. Native American.

And especially for those moments when this campaign was at its lowest — the African-American community stood up again for me. They always have my back, and I’ll have yours.

I said from the outset I wanted a campaign that represented America, and I think we did that. Now that’s what I want the administration to look like.

And to those who voted for President Trump, I understand your disappointment tonight.

I’ve lost a couple of elections myself.

But now, let’s give each other a chance.

It’s time to put away the harsh rhetoric.

To lower the temperature.

To see each other again.

To listen to each other again.

To make progress, we must stop treating our opponents as our enemy. We are not enemies. We are Americans.

The Bible tells us that to everything there is a season — a time to build, a time to reap, a time to sow. And a time to heal.

This is the time to heal in America.

Now that the campaign is over — what is the people’s will? What is our mandate?

I believe it is this: Americans have called on us to marshal the forces of decency and the forces of fairness. To marshal the forces of science and the forces of hope in the great battles of our time.

The battle to control the virus.

The battle to build prosperity.

The battle to secure your family’s health care.

The battle to achieve racial justice and root out systemic racism in this country.

The battle to save the climate.

The battle to restore decency, defend democracy, and give everybody in this country a fair shot.

Our work begins with getting Covid under control.

We cannot repair the economy, restore our vitality, or relish life’s most precious moments — hugging a grandchild, birthdays, weddings, graduations, all the moments that matter most to us — until we get this virus under control.

On Monday, I will name a group of leading scientists and experts as transition advisers to help take the Biden-Harris Covid plan and convert it into an action blueprint that starts on Jan. 20, 2021.

That plan will be built on a bedrock of science. It will be constructed out of compassion, empathy, and concern.

I will spare no effort — or commitment — to turn this pandemic around.

I ran as a proud Democrat. I will now be an American president. I will work as hard for those who didn’t vote for me — as those who did.

Let this grim era of demonization in America begin to end — here and now.

The refusal of Democrats and Republicans to cooperate with one another is not due to some mysterious force beyond our control.

It’s a decision. It’s a choice we make.

And if we can decide not to cooperate, then we can decide to cooperate. And I believe that this is part of the mandate from the American people. They want us to cooperate.

That’s the choice I’ll make. And I call on the Congress — Democrats and Republicans alike — to make that choice with me.

The American story is about the slow, yet steady widening of opportunity.

Make no mistake: Too many dreams have been deferred for too long.

We must make the promise of the country real for everybody — no matter their race, their ethnicity, their faith, their identity, or their disability.

America has always been shaped by inflection points — by moments in time where we’ve made hard decisions about who we are and what we want to be.

Lincoln in 1860 — coming to save the Union.

F.D.R. in 1932 — promising a beleaguered country a New Deal.

J.F.K. in 1960 — pledging a New Frontier.

And 12 years ago — when Barack Obama made history — and told us, “Yes, we can.”

We stand again at an inflection point.

We have the opportunity to defeat despair and to build a nation of prosperity and purpose.

We can do it. I know we can.

I’ve long talked about the battle for the soul of America.

We must restore the soul of America.

Our nation is shaped by the constant battle between our better angels and our darkest impulses.

It is time for our better angels to prevail.

Tonight, the whole world is watching America. I believe at our best America is a beacon for the globe.

And we lead not by the example of our power, but by the power of our example.

I’ve always believed we can define America in one word: possibilities.

That in America everyone should be given the opportunity to go as far as their dreams and God-given ability will take them.

You see, I believe in the possibility of this country.

We’re always looking ahead.

Ahead to an America that’s freer and more just.

Ahead to an America that creates jobs with dignity and respect.

Ahead to an America that cures disease — like cancer and Alzheimers.

Ahead to an America that never leaves anyone behind.

Ahead to an America that never gives up, never gives in.

This is a great nation.

And we are a good people.

This is the United States of America.

And there has never been anything we haven’t been able to do when we’ve done it together.

In the last days of the campaign, I’ve been thinking about a hymn that means a lot to me and to my family, particularly my deceased son, Beau. It captures the faith that sustains me and which I believe sustains America.

And I hope it can provide some comfort and solace to the more than 230,000 families who have lost a loved one to this terrible virus this year. My heart goes out to each and every one of you. Hopefully this hymn gives you solace as well.

“And He will raise you up on eagle’s wings,

Bear you on the breath of dawn,

Make you to shine like the sun,

And hold you in the palm of His Hand.”

And now, together — on eagle’s wings — we embark on the work that God and history have called upon us to do.

With full hearts and steady hands, with faith in America and in each other, with a love of country — and a thirst for justice — let us be the nation that we know we can be.

A nation united.

A nation strengthened.

A nation healed.

The United States of America.

God bless you.

And may God protect our troops.



Monday, 21 September 2020

Puzzles at the education ministry

Education ministry can be considered as one of the most puzzling as far as the handling of Covid-19 is concerned at least if the public court is anything to go by.
Schools were closed when the country had only three cases and now teachers have been asked to report back to school to prepare for a possible reopening when the country is recording an average of 100 Covid-19 cases daily. Teachers are to report back to school without knowing the specific date when learners are to report back. Anyway teachers have always been in touch with the schools.
As learners were away from schools the ministry maintained that the national exams were to be done as scheduled to a point where everyone was ' let us wait and see'. Eventually the ministry bowed to pressure and announced that it cannot be possible to conduct national examination this year. And farther said that this academic year is considered lost only to wake up today and ask teachers to report to school when even bars have not been allowed to open up.
Teachers are to report back to school when the government's Covid-19 containment measures are yet to be relaxed. The 9 pm curfew is still effect and the government's appeal for people to work from home hasn't been lifted. The education cabinet secretary has been moving from one educational institution to another measuring the social distancing between the desks and that social distancing rule is still in place even in the matatus. That means teachers will have to pay more on public transport.
Let the government open up the economy before letting the teachers from all over the world to congregate in schools. Teachers should not be used to test the waters for Covid-19.
The ministry of education did make an effort to conduct online learning. The exercise has been termed as step in the right direction. The major drawback has been the low number of learner who could access the matriamls. If the ministry could have been creative enough, it could have made use of other agencies like the poster Kenya to deliver materials closer to the learners.
But however much the management of the education ministry is proving to be tricky, it should be noted the professor Magoha who is the current education SC, was at the helm of the Kenya National Examination Council and made tremendous positive reforms.