ICT and Education

Wednesday, 14 April 2021

KCSE 2020 PHYSICS PAPER ONE

Monday, 12 April 2021

Chitembwe to relook at sex offenses punishment if appointed CJ

Justice Said Juma Chitembwe has been the first to be interviewed by the Judicial Service Commission (JSC) for the office of the Chief Justice. In his submission, he argued that he will embrace the sociological approach to justice rather than the normative approach. The law is supposed to serve the society and not the society to serve the law.

Chitembwe, a judge of the high court in Kenya, stated that as of today there are more convicts of sexual offenses than those of robbery with violence. Now the question is, what might have happened? There could be more normative application of the law than the sociological application of the law. The judge said that he has read and to some extent agrees with the “laws of Romeo and Juliet” in the USA which provides that a person can legally have consensual sex with a minor provided that he or she is not more than a given number of years older, generally four years or less.

The Kenyan law provides a jail term for sexual offenders but judge Chitembwe wonders how a 19-year-old boy can be sentences to 50 years in jail for defiling a 17-year-old girl whom they have been courting for over three years and maybe even have children together. Who will take care of the children? The judicial officer should look at the circumstances of the case rather than to operate that when the ingredients of defilement are age, penetration and identification then go to prison, that should not be the duty of a judge.

In an earlier case the judge had ruled that when a minor walk into a man’s house, enjoys sex and goes back to her home, then the minor behaved as an adult and the case cannot be taken as defilement. In such a situation the man should not receive the same sentence as another man who forcefully pulls a minor into a bush and commits sex with her. Until recently, if a 17-year boy engages sex with a 17-year-old girl, the boy could be sentenced to a jail term for defilement as the girl is set free.

In general, the issue of sexual relationship is more of a societal problem than an issue of the courts. During the times of our grandfathers, matters related to sex and sexual relationship had precise guidelines which were strictly followed and cases of defilement were very uncommon. In the post-colonial period, boarding schools have been emphasized and in these schools, learners are rarely exposed to life skills. Many parents prefer boarding schools to day schools in order to hide the children from the societal ills rather than teaching the children on how to handle the challenges.

Thursday, 8 April 2021

KCSE 2020 MATHEMATICS PAPER TWO

Monday, 29 March 2021

Chlorine and its compounds

1. (i) State one observation made in this experiment

(ii) Identify the substances formed in the above reaction

2. Hydrogen chloride gas was passed into water as shown below:

(a) When a blue litmus paper was dropped into the resulting solution, it turned red. Give a reason

for this observation

(b) What is the function of the funnel?

3. A group of compounds called chlorofluoro-carbons have a wide range of uses but they also have

harmful effects on the environment. State one:-

a) Use of chlorofluoro carbons

b) Harmful effect of chlorofluoro carbons on the environment.

4. a) Water from a town in Kenya is suspected to contain chloride ions but not sulphate ions.

Describe how the presence of the chloride ions in the water can be shown.

5. In an experiment, chlorine was passed into moist hydrogen sulphide in a boiling tube as

shown below:

(a) What observation was made in the boiling tube?

(b) Write an equation of the reaction that took place in the boiling tube

6. Heated iron can react with both chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride gas

i) Write equations for the reactions

ii) Chlorine gas has no effect on dry blue litmus paper. Explain

7. The following diagram represents a set-up that can be used in the laboratory to prepare and

collect a sample of chlorine gas:

(a) No gas bubbles were produced in the above experiment. Explain the observation

(b) Complete the following equation

8. Study the flow diagram below and answer the questions that follow:

(a) Name gas L ……………………………………………………………

(b) Write a balanced equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and manganese

(IV) oxide

9. Carbon (IV) Oxide, methane, nitrogen (I) Oxide and trichloromethane are green house gases

(i) State one effect of an increased level of these gases to the environment

(ii) Give one source from which each of the following gases is released to the environment;

(i) Nitrogen (I) Oxide

(ii) Tricholomethane

10. (a) Two reagents that can be used to prepare chlorine gas are manganese (IV) oxide and

concentrated hydrochloric acid.

(i) Write an equation for the reaction

(ii) Give the formula of another reagent that can be reacted with concentrated hydrochloric acid

to produce chlorine gas

(iii) Describe how the chlorine gas could be dried and collected in the laboratory

(b) In an experiment, dry chlorine gas was reacted with aluminium as shown in the diagram below

(i) Name substance A

(ii) Write an equation for the reaction that took place in the combustion tube

(iii) State the function of the calcium chloride in the set-up above

11. The figure below was set by a student to investigate the reaction between chlorine gas and hydrogen gas:

(a) Write an equation for the reaction that took place in the flask

(b) What observation was made in the flask?

12. In an attempt to prepare a gas, Sabulei added concentrated hydrochloric acid to Potassium

manganate. The products were then passed through two wash bottles containing water and

concentrated sulphuric acid

(a) Name the gas prepared…………………………………………………………………………

(b) Name the purpose of wash bottle:

(i) Containing water?

(ii) Containing concentrated sulphuric acid?

13. Study the scheme below and answer the questions that follow.

(a) Write the formula of the cation present in the yellow solution F

(b) What property of chlorine is shown in Step II?

14. (i) Name one drying agent for hydrogen Chloride

(ii) State and explain the observation that would be made when hydrogen Chloride

gas is bubbled into a solution of Silver nitrate

Wednesday, 13 January 2021

Team Refreshing Change presents their nomination papers

Today it was a beehive of activities at the KUPPET Nyamira offices as all the aspirants of team Refreshing Change presented their nomination papers. Lead by the chairman, Mr. Festus Segera, the team arrived in Nyamira in style accoumpaned by a group of teachers representing various sub-counties of Nyamira county.

From left Mr. Matuga (organizing secretary), Madam Boyani (secretary secretary), Mr. Okindo (assistant executive secretary), madam Stella (treasurer), Mr. Sonye (executive secretary), madam Getrude (assistant treasurer) madam Nancy (secretary gender) and Mr. Mokaya (vice chairman)

The aspirants went through the nomination requirements to ensure that all is in order. As a show of solidarity one by one, they handed in their papers as teachers appreciated them and took photos.

While addressing the teachers after the nomination process, the chairman Mr. Segera reassured the teachers that victory is within sight. He encouraged teachers to remain steadfast and fight to the end. The aspiring executive secretary, Mr. Joseph Sonye, reaffirmed that the great teachers of Nyamira do not require just services, but quality services and a win for team refreshing change is a win for the teachers of Nyamira.

The team promised its supporters that it is now ready to hit the ground and sell its transformative agenda to the teachers.

Teachers from Manga sub-county pose for a photo with the aspirants from Manga i.e Mr. Okindo and madam Stella.

Tuesday, 22 December 2020

Mathematics revision Exercise 1

Find the size of each angle of a triangle PQR in which PQ = 9 cm, QR = 12 cm and RP = 6 cm.
R represents half-turn about the point (2, 3). H represents half-turn about the point (-2, -1). Find a single a single transformation equivalent to HR and state its inverse.
For each of the following wave functions, state the period and the amplitude;

a) y = 2 Sin x

b) y = Sin 2x

c) y = 1/3 Sin x

d) y = 1/3 Sin 3x

e) y = Sin ½ x

f) y = Sine 1/3 x

4. Solve the following pair of simultaneous equations graphically;

5. A card is drawn at random from a normal pack of playing cards. what is the probability of drawing ;

a) a black card?

b) a red card?

c) an ace?

d) the queen of spades?

6. a pencil PQ is 20 cm long. The end P is placed on a horizontal flat surface such that PQ makes an angle of 47° with the surface. Calculate how far above the surface the pint Q is.

7. Solve the following inequalities and show your solutions on a number line;

a) 3x - 5 > 5

b) 2x + ½ < 3

c) - 4x - 6 > 7

8. Evaluate each of the following;

9. A quadrilateral has vertices at A(1, 2), B(1, 3), C(2, 3) and D(3, 1). Find the vertices of the image of the quadrilateral after a reflection in the following lines;

a) y = x + 1

11. ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC and its perimeter is 64 cm. The altitude from A to BC IS 24 cm. Find the length of AC and BC.

12. Two variables x and y are connected by an equation of the form y = Axⁿ, where A and n are constants. If y = 80 when x = 2 and y = 52 when x = 3, find the values of A and n to 2 s.f.

13. Find the distance in nautical miles between point A(4° S, 50° E) and B(4°S, 80°E).

14. Draw a line AB = 4.5 cm. Construct a locus of a point P such that <APB = 40°.