Thursday 30 April 2020
Describe the structure and functions of the various parts of the mammalian ear
Pinna; is wide/funnel-shaped to collect/gather
sound waves; and direct them to the auditory canal into the ear;
Eardrum/tympanic membrane is thin and light; to convert sound waves into
vibrations; Ear ossicles/maleus, incus and stapes are of high density; to
magnify/amplify sound waves; Oval window is smaller than eardrum; to magnify
the sound waves; and direct them to the inner ear; Cochlea is long and coiled;
to increase surface area; for attachment of receptor cells/sensory hairs;
cochlea has many sensory hairs; which receive sound vibrations and generate
impulses; Liquid or fluid/endolymph in cochlea; transmit sound vibrations;
auditory nerve; transmit impulses to the brain for interpretation; Eustachian
tube; link the mouth and middle ear to equalise pressure; between middle and
outer ear to prevent damage to delicate eardrum; Round window; lose excess
vibrations; to avoid continuous stimulation; Semicircular canals; contain
receptors for body balance and posture; External auditory canal cells
produce/secrete wax; to trap dust particles/solid/micro-organisms that can
damage eardrum;
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