Thursday 30 April 2020
Discuss the adaptations of the male reproductive system of humans
Consists of two oval-shaped
testes; lying outside the abdominal cavity in a special sac known as the
scrotal sac/scrotum; for protection; the testes are located outside the body to
provide a relatively cooler environment/lower temperature; suitable for sperm
production; the inside of the testis is divided into seminiferous tubules;
these are three coiled and twisted tubules; having rapidly/actively dividing
cells that produce sperms; interstitial cells; found between these tubules
produce the male sex hormones/androgens (mainly testosterone); important in
promoting the development of secondary sexual characteristics; and maintaining
masculinity in males; the tubules join together to form the epididymis; which
are smaller ducts; that convey sperms out of the testes; they also form a
temporary storage area for sperms; the epididymis is connected to the sperm
duct/vas deferens; which has thick muscular walls; that contracts to propel
sperms to the urethra; the sperm duct is joined by a duct from the seminal vesicle;
a blindly ending sac; that produces an alkaline fluid containing nutrients for
the spermatozoa/sperm cells; to provide energy; at the junction of the two
sperm ducts (one from each testis) and urinary bladder there is the prostate
gland; that secretes an alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acidic vaginal
fluids; and also activates the sperms; by addition of enzymes and diluting the
sperms; below the prostate gland is the
cowper’s gland; which secretes an alkaline fluid which neutralizes the acidity
caused by urine; along the urethra. The urethra; is a long tube running the
length of the penis; used for conduction and expulsion of urine; as well as
passage of sperms during copulation; the urethra follows the penis; that
projects from the body at the lower abdomen; it consists of a retractable skin
known as the prepuce/foreskin; that covers a swollen/bulbous end region of the
penis known as the glans; the glans excites the clitoris of the female as it
brushes on it during copulation; to stimulate ejaculation/orgasm; the penis is
made up of spongy erectile tissue; consisting of numerous small blood spaces,
muscle and blood vessels; the spongy tissue gets filled with blood; making the
penis to become erect during sexual stimulation excitement and activity; enabling
the penis to penetrate the vagina during coitus/copulation/sexual intercourse;
in order to deposit sperms in the vagina of the female;
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