Thursday 30 April 2020
Discuss Lamarck’s and Darwin’s theories of evolution
Larmarck’s theory states that when the environment demands the need or
use of a particular structure in the body; the body develops it in response;
for example giraffes used to have short necks; when all the grass was
exhausted, they started stretching their necks in search of leaves on trees;
therefore they developed long necks; which then were inherited by their
offspring; however, when a structure is not continually used, it reduces in
size and becomes dysfunctional; this theory fails to explain how acquired
characteristics become inherited; Darwin’s theory suggests that in nature there
occur struggle for existence; only those individuals with the desired
adaptations survive; those poorly adapted fail to compete; and become extinct;
there also occurs variation in nature; where organisms with desired adaptations
pass on their characteristics to offspring
during reproduction; those poorly adapted fail to reach maturity; and do
not reproduce; therefore, nature selects for individuals best suited to an
environment; and against those poorly adapted (natural selection); as there
occurs survival of the fittest;
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