Required in the dark stage of photosynthesis; it combines
with the hydrogen ion from the light stage; to form glucose, proteins and
lipids; low concentrations reduces the rate of production of energy and food;
while high concentrations leads to an increase in the amount of energy and food
formed;
b) Light
It is used to break down water molecules (through
photolysis); into hydrogen ions, oxygen and energy; the energy and hydrogen
ions formed are used in the dark stage;
c) Chlorophyll
Green pigment that traps light energy from the sun; that is
used in photolysis of water molecules;
d) Suitable temperature and pH
Temperature affects the enzymes involved in photosynthesis;
suitable/optimum temperatures activate enzymes; for maximum production of food;
while extremely low temperatures inactivate enzymes; leading to less or no
production of food; high temperatures denature enzymes; stopping the process of
photosynthesis; photosynthetic enzymes work well in low pH; so the rate is
high; while higher pH reduces enzyme activity; lowering the rate of
photosynthesis;
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