Thursday 30 April 2020
Discuss the role of the various hormones in plant growth and development
Indole Acetic Acid/Auxins; influences/promotes
cell division/elongation (in cambium causing secondary thickening); induces
tropisms; promotes fruit formation/parthenocarpy; promotes formation of
abscission layer/leaf fall; promotes cell differentiation (of vascular tissue);
causes apical dominance/inhibits lateral bud formation; promotes growth of
adventitious roots; in conjunction with cytokinins, it induces callous tissue
formation; Gibberellins/Gibberellic acid; promotes cell division/elongation in
dwarf plants; promotes parthenocarpy; setting of fruit after fertilization
initiating formation of fruits; formation of side branches of stems/ends apical
bud dormancy; inhibits adventitious root growth; activates hydrolytic enzymes
in germination/promotes germination of seeds/breaks seed dormancy; affects leaf
expansion and shape/retards leaf abscission; Cytokinins (e.g. Zeatin or
Kinetin); promotes flowering in some plant species; breaks dormancy in some
plant species; promotes cell division in presence of auxins; stabilizes protein
and chlorophyll; promotes root formation on a shoot; low concentration
encourages leaf senescence/increases cell enlargement in leaves; stimulates
lateral bud formation; Ethylene/Ethene; promotes ripening of fruits; induces
thickening of stem/inhibits stem elongation; promotes flower
morphogenesis/formation or flowering in pineapples; causes abscission of
leaves/fruit/leaf fall; Abscissic acid; high concentration causes stomatal
closure; inhibits stem elongation/growth; inhibits sprouting of buds/induces
bud dormancy; inhibits seed germination/growth/causes/promotes seed dormancy;
causes abscission of leaves/fruits/leaf fall; Traumatin; heals wounds by
promoting callous formation; Florigen; promotes flowering;
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