Thursday 30 April 2020
How is the ileum adapted to its functions?
Long; and narrow; to increase the surface area for complete digestion of
food; and maximum absorption of digested food; highly-coiled; to reduce speed
of food flow; for maximum digestion; and absorption; presence of villi; and
microvilli; to increase surface area; for maximum absorption; dense network of
capillaries; to transport blood; for efficient transport of absorbed food;
presence of lacteals; for absorption of fatty acids and glycerol molecules;
presence of enzymes: Lipase; for digestion of lipids into fatty acids and
glycerol; maltase; for digestion of maltose to glucose molecules; peptidase;
for breakdown of peptides into amino acids; sucrase; for digestion of sucrose
into glucose and fructose; lactase; for digestion of lactose into glucose and
galactose; goblet cells; produce mucus; to lubricate the walls of the ileum;
for smooth flow of food; coats the walls of ileum to prevent digestion by
peptidase enzyme;
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